Maclennan, Ben.

A Proper Degree of Terror: John Graham and the Cape’s Eastern Frontier.

Johannesburg, Ravan Press, 1986. 13.8 cm x 21.5 cm. 252 pages. 21 illustrations. 3 maps within text. Softcover [publisher’s original] with beautifully illustrated boards. Very good condition with only minor signs of external wear. Interior bright and clean.

Colonel John Graham (24 April 1778 – 13 March 1821) was a British soldier notable for founding Grahamstown, South Africa in 1812 in the immediate aftrermath of what is known as the Fourth Cape Eastern Frontier War (1811-12).
In 1811 amid mounting dispute between differing cattle-herding peoples on the frontier, Graham, commanding a force of British regulars and Boer commandos from Swellendam, Graaff-Reinet and Uitenhage, was sent to undertake the task which was to define his military career: clearing around 20,000 Xhosa people led by Ndlambe ka Rharhabe. The Xhosa had settled in the Zuurveld (later called Albany), a district between the Bushman’s and Fish rivers, which lay beyond the Cape Colony’s frontiers. The Zuurveld was mistakenly assumed by the British to be part of the colony as they misread the frontier laid down by Governor Joachim van Plettenberg in 1778.
The British campaign to push the Xhosa residents from the Eastern frontier was defined by Graham’s plan to use “A proper degree of terror.″The subsequent battle included the indiscriminate shooting of women and other civilians, as well as destruction of crops. By 1812 Graham’s task was complete, and so on the deserted loan farm De Rietfontein, he established Graham’s Town as Zuurveld’s central military post, with a string of linked forts along the Fish River. (Wikipedia)

• Keywords: 19th Century · 19th Century Colonialism · 19th Century Imperialism · Africa · Africa, British Southern · Africa, Southern · Africana Collection of Rare Books · Boers · British · British Army · British Colonial History · British Dominions · British Empire · British Imperial · Colonial Wars · History · Natives · Settler · Settler life · Settlers · South Africa · South African History · Xhosa
• Language: English
• ISBN: 0869752359
• Inventory Number: 120277AB

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